https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/330 Thu, 09 Apr 2026 13:27:08 GMT 2026-04-09T13:27:08Z https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/62155 Title: A PILOT STUDY FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL THERAPEUTICS AS AN ADDITIVE TREATMENT FOR IMPROVING THE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF ADHD Authors: Sun, Tai Hui; Kim, Hyun-Jin; Cho, Chul-Hyun Abstract: Objectives The objective of this pilot study was to explore the effect of digital therapeutics on clinical symptoms of patients with ADHD. Methods Thirty Korean children with ADHD were recruited from Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital during outpatient visits. Subjects were given to undergo digital therapeutics, NUROW (AIMMED Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea), which consist of Go/No-Go Task and N-Back/Updating–based training modules, along with a personalized adaptive algorithm system that adjusts the difficulty level according to the user’s performance results. Subjects were advised to use digital therapeutics for 15 minutes every day, over a total of 4 weeks. Subjects were assessed with the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) and Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in baseline and endpoint, while the ADHD-Rating Scale (ARS) was assessed every week and followed up at 1 month, for any delayed effect. ANOVA was used to find any differences within the subjects during hospital visits, and t tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to discover differences in performance before and after the digital therapeutics. Results A total of 30 subjects with ADHD were included for the analyses. Significant reductions were observed in ARS inattention ( p = .004), hyperactivity ( p = .034), and sum scores ( p = .014), although no significant delayed effect was found. For the CBCL, a significant decline in anxiety depression ( p = .041), somatic ( p = .023), internalized ( p = .010), another ( p = .002), and sum ( p = .018) scores were found, while anxiety disorder ( p = .009) and somatic disorder ( p = .021) were significantly lowered in CBCL DSM-5 diagnoses. In the CAT, visual reaction time ( p = .031), sustained attention Beta ( p = .009) and d ( p = .002), and commission error in Flanker’s task ( p = .004), were significantly reduced. Conclusions From these findings, we suggest that there are tangible differences using digital therapeutics in participants with ADHD, especially in subjective behavioral symptoms. Although there are some limitations, such as the small sample sizes and possible medication changes that were not considered, the current study can be a starting foothold in digital therapy for additive treatment choices in ADHD. Mon, 01 Jan 202210 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/62155 202210-01-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/62154 Title: THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM MEASUREMENTS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDER Authors: Mok, Young Eun; Jang, Youngsu; Chi, Suhyuk; Ko, Minsoo; Cho, Hey-mi; Lee, Moon Soo Abstract: Objectives Disturbed circadian rhythm can have a negative effect on a person’s ability to sleep and function properly, and can result in a number of health problems, including mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. The effect of circadian rhythm even appears in adolescents. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between clinical characteristics of depression and parameters of circadian rhythm in adolescents with depressive disorder. Methods We recruited 61 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years diagnosed with a depressive disorder confirmed by the research protocol. Patients took self-report measurements of the circadian rhythm including the Korean version of the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (K-BRIAN), the Korean Translation of Composite Scale to Measure Morningness-Eveningness (KtCS), and the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). The clinical characteristics of depression were also investigated using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (K-MDQ), and the number of episode counts. Patients were also divided into different groups according to the number of the episode counts. Results Participants were divided into 2 groups according to the number of depressive episodes (first-episode [n = 22], recurrent [n = 39]). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the measured parameters of circadian rhythm. The number of episodes and circadian rhythm parameters also showed no significant correlations. Severity of depression as measured in the CDI showed significant correlation with the parameters of K-BRIAN (sleep: r = 0.661, p < .01; activities: r = 0.642, p < .01; social rhythm: r = 0.713, p < .01; and eating pattern: r = 0.397, p < .01). The severity of depression was also significantly correlated with KtCS scores (r = -0.475, p < .001). As depression became more severe, an evening preference was more pronounced. Conclusions Disturbance of circadian rhythm in adolescents appears to be important in the pathophysiology of depression. However, depression in adolescents is not yet as chronic as it is in adults. Therefore, differences according to the number of depressive episodes have not yet been found. This seems to be an important difference compared to adult depression. Mon, 01 Jan 202210 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/62154 202210-01-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/61565 Title: Finding a Composite Measure for Data From Wrist Actigraphy in Bipolar Disorder Authors: Kaufmann, Christopher; Lee, Ellen; Wing, David; Ancoli-Israel, Sonia; Depp, Colin; Yoon, Ho-Kyoung; Eyler, Lisa Abstract: Actigraphy can objectively measure sleep in studies on Bipolar Disorder (BD) where subjective sleep ratings might be influenced by affect. Actigraphy data are complex necessitating data reduction approaches. We created a composite score of actigraphy sleep metrics (total sleep time [TST], wake after sleep onset [WASO], and percent sleep [PS]) in BD. We computed z-scores of sleep measures for n=51 BD vs. n=80 healthy subjects and averaged scores. We examined associations with participant characteristics and used LASSO to identify metrics best explaining composite variability. Higher composite scores (better sleep) were seen in employed vs. unemployed (t=2.40, df=34, p=0.02), and correlated with higher medication load (r=0.41, p=0.004), lower mania symptomatology (r=-0.33, p=0.04) and lower interleukin (IL)-6 levels (r=-0.32, p=0.02). TST best explained variability in medication load and PS best explained employment, mania symptoms and IL-6. Given observed specificity of associations, selecting theory-driven sleep metrics may be more appropriate than a composite. Thu, 01 Jan 202111 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/61565 202111-01-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/52667 Title: Structural brain alterations in cortical thickness, volume and surface area in patients with bipolar types I and II Authors: Woo, Yoonmi; Ham, Byung-Joo; Han, Kyu-Man; Lee, Jee Soo; Kim, Hyeyoung; Kim, Aram; Kang, Wooyoung; Kang, Youbin Thu, 01 Jan 20210409 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/52667 20210409-01-01T00:00:00Z