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Cited 59 time in webofscience Cited 71 time in scopus
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GABA and L-theanine mixture decreases sleep latency and improves NREM sleep

Authors
Kim, SuhyeonJo, KyungaeHong, Ki-BaeHan, Sung HeeSuh, Hyung Joo
Issue Date
1-Feb-2019
Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
Keywords
g-Aminobutyric acid; insomnia; pentobarbital-induced sleep test; electroencephalography
Citation
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY, v.57, no.1, pp 65 - 73
Pages
9
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
Volume
57
Number
1
Start Page
65
End Page
73
URI
https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/2394
DOI
10.1080/13880209.2018.1557698
ISSN
1388-0209
1744-5116
Abstract
Context: gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter and it is well established that activation of GABAA receptors favours sleep. L-Theanine, a naturally occurring amino acid first discovered in green tea, is a well-known anti-anxiety supplement with proven relaxation benefits. Objective: This study investigated the potential synergistic sleep enhancement effect of GABA/L-theanine mixture. Materials and methods: Pentobarbital-induced sleep test was applied to find proper concentration for sleep-promoting effect in ICR mice. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis was performed to investigate total sleeping time and sleep quality in normal SD rats and caffeine-induced awareness model. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to investigate whether the sleep-promoting mechanism of GABA/L-theanine mixture involved transcriptional processes. Results: GABA/L-theanine mixture (100/20mg/kg) showed a decrease in sleep latency (20.7 and 14.9%) and an increase in sleep duration (87.3 and 26.8%) compared to GABA or theanine alone. GABA/L-theanine mixture led to a significant increase in rapid eye movement (REM) (99.6%) and non-REM (NREM) (20.6%) compared to controls. The use of GABA/L-theanine mixture rather than GABA or L-theanine alone restored to normal levels sleep time and quality in the arousal animal model. The administration of GABA/L-theanine led to increased expression of GABA and the glutamate GluN1 receptor subunit. Conclusions: GABA/L-theanine mixture has a positive synergistic effect on sleep quality and duration as compared to the GABA or L-theanine alone. The increase in GABA receptor and GluN1 expression is attributed to the potential neuromodulatory properties of GABA/L-theanine combination, which seems to affect sleep behaviour.
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