Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of a Submerged Culture of Cordyceps sinensis Using Spent Coffee
- Authors
- Han, Sung Hee; Ahn, Yejin; Lee, Hyun Jung; Suh, Hyung Joo; Jo, Kyungae
- Issue Date
- Aug-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- spent coffee grounds; Cordyceps sinensis; antiradical; immunostimulatory activity
- Citation
- FOODS, v.10, no.8
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- FOODS
- Volume
- 10
- Number
- 8
- URI
- https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/54254
- DOI
- 10.3390/foods10081697
- ISSN
- 2304-8158
2304-8158
- Abstract
- Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are inexpensive materials that have been used as a source of antioxidants and polysaccharides with immunostimulatory activity. In this study, we performed a microbial fermentation of SCG using Cordyceps sinensis and investigated the radical scavenging and immunostimulatory activity of fermented SCG. SCG fermentation using C. sinensis was performed at 25 degrees C for 8 d. The polyphenol content of the fermented SCG increased from 1022.4 to 1562.0 mu g/mL. The glucosamine content of the mycelia also continuously increased during fermentation. The main polyphenol compounds of fermented SCG were chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid, which were increased by fermentation. Fermented SCG also showed significantly higher content of chlorogenic acid isomers than unfermented SCG. The fermented SCG exhibited significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (half maximal inhibitory concentration: IC50, 0.37 mg/mL) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (IC50, 0.93 mg/mL) radical scavenging activities than those of the control (0.54 mg/mL and 1.20 mg/mL, respectively; p < 0.05). The fermented SCG stimulated macrophages and promoted the production of various immunostimulatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) compared to control; therefore, microbial fermentation of SCG using C. sinensis is an effective means of generating antioxidant and immunostimulatory materials.
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Collections - 4. Research institute > Institute of Human Behavior and Genetics > 1. Journal Articles
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