Electrochemical sensor involving disposable AgNW/CA fibrous membrane for levodopa quantification in body fluids

Abstract

In this study, we engineered a disposable biosensor based on cellulose acetate (CA) fibrous membrane composited with silver nanowires (AgNW) to significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of quantitative levodopa detection directly from body fluids (monkey's plasma and human sweat). This design not only simplifies the detection process, but also allows for the easy replacement of the biosensing layer, effectively minimizing costs and waste while streamlining manufacturing. The porous structure of the CA fiber ensures stable enzyme immobilization, facilitating effective detection even with consuming minimal sample volumes by capturing the target solution. Further, the incorporation of biocompatible AgNW enhances the electrical sensitivity, ensuring effective operation even at low concentrations. The AgNW/CA fibrous membrane combined electrochemical sensors demonstrated enhanced sensitivity and selectivity against common interfering substances such as uric acid, sodium L-lactate and glucose. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.