Effectiveness of portable cryotherapy on thyroidectomy scars in Republic of Korea: a preliminary study

초록

Background: Cryotherapy involves controlled cooling that helps modulate inflammation and pigmentation without damaging tissues. In this study, we used a portable CO2-based device equipped with infrared temperature sensing to ensure precise cryotherapy application. Previous research has indicated that controlled cooling could enhance wound healing and minimize postoperative scar formation. This study aimed to assess the effects of cryotherapy on early scar outcomes following thyroidectomy. Methods: Patients undergoing open thyroidectomy between December 2022 and December 2023 in Korea University Hospital were enrolled in the study. Each surgical incision was divided into two halves: one half received portable cryotherapy, while the other served as the control. Cryotherapy was administered immediately after closure and repeated for approximately 5 sessions during the postoperative period. Scar outcomes were evaluated at three months using the observer scale from the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). Results: Ten patients completed the study. The halves treated with cryotherapy exhibited significantly better POSAS scores in various parameters, including vascularity, pigmentation, thickness, relief, pliability, and surface area. The 0°C protocol yielded more favorable results compared to the 2°C protocol. Conclusion: Portable cryotherapy appears to promote early wound healing and enhance the quality of postoperative scars after thyroidectomy. Lower temperature settings may be more effective for minimizing scar formation. Thus, cryotherapy presents a promising approach for preventing hypertrophic or dyspigmented scars.

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