Intraoperative neuromonitoring in endoscopic cervical decompression: a signal–event–response perspective

초록

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is widely used to enhance safety in spine surgery, yet its clinical value remains debated. We propose a signal–event–response framework to interpret neuromonitoring alerts, emphasizing the interaction between electrophysiological signals, intraoperative events, and corrective responses. This perspective may help clarify the role of IONM in endoscopic cervical decompression and other minimally invasive spine procedures. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.