The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea

초록

Introduction: The association between premorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been suggested. However, little is known about the risk of developing T2DM in MS and NMOSD. Objectives/Aims: We aimed to determine the T2DM risk in patients with MS and NMSOD. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service database between January 2010 and December 2017 were analyzed. A total of 1,801/1,721 adults with MS/NMOSD who were free of T2DM were included. Matched controls were selected based on age, sex, and the presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Results: The risk of developing T2DM was 1.54 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.96) times higher in NMOSD compared with the control populations. However, T2DM risk did not increase in MS (aHR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.91–1.42). In NMOSD, the T2DM risk significantly higher in patients with hypertension than those without hypertension (p for interaction = 0.0005) Conclusion: The T2DM risk increased in NMOSD but not in MS.