백서 구치의 실험적 치아이동시 견인측 치근막에서 혈관성장인자의 발현에 관한 연구

초록

This study was performed to analyse the expression of VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) in the tension side of the periodontal ligament following orthodontic tooth movement. Upper first molars of Sprague Dawley rats were moved medially using closed coil spring for 1, 2, 24 hours and 3, 7, 14 days. H&E staining, immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization methods were used to analyse the change of the expression of VEGF and VEGFR. The results from this study were as follows: 1. Following tensional force, periodontal ligament showed elongation of fibers, compression and congestion of vessels and regional hemorrhage. These tissue changes were recovered within 3 days of force application. New bone formation was seen after 3 days of force application and continued for the remaining experimental periods. 2. Following tensional force, VEGF and VEGF mRNA expression was increased in the periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts and cementoblasts. This change was followed by increased vasculature in the periodontal ligament. 3. After 3 days of tensional force, VEGF and VEGF mRNA expression was confined mainly to the osteoblasts and the periodontal ligament cells adjacent to the alveolar bone. After 2 weeks of force application, VEGF and VEGF mRNA expression was reduced to the level of control sample. 4. VEGFRs (Flt-1, Flk-1) showed similar expression pattern and its expression was mainly seen in the endothelial cells and osteoblasts. Following tensional force VEGFR expression was increased in the endothelial cells and osteoblasts. In conclusion, in the tension side of the periodontal ligament, ligament cells, osteoblasts and cementoblasts showed increased expression of VEGF and VEGF mRNA. It preceded the increase of vasculature and new bone formation. The increased expression of VEGF mRNA in cementoblasts may induce periodontal vessels, which distribute mainly in the bone-side half of the periodontal ligament, to grow in the direction of tensional force. Increased expression of VEGFR and VEGFR mRNA not only in endothelial cells but in osteoblasts, osteocytes and periodontal cells showed VEGF acts not only in paracrine manner but in autocrine one.

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