Association between Changes in Physical Activity and Incident Depression among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

초록

Background: This study aims to investigate the relationship between changes in physical activity patterns following a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of developing depression. Methods: This study utilized comprehensive diabetes data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. From this dataset, we included 254,619 individuals newly diagnosed with T2DM between 2009 and 2015 who had health examination data within 2 years before and after their diagnosis date and no prior history of depression. Physical activity levels were quantified using the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) method. Results: Compared to individuals with 0 MET-min/wk of physical activity prior to a new T2DM diagnosis, those who increased their activity levels to 500–999 MET-min/wk after diagnosis showed a 23% reduction in the risk of depression, while an increase to ≥1,000 MET-min/wk was associated with a 25% reduction in depression risk. Conversely, individuals with 1–499 MET-min/ wk before diagnosis who became inactive after diagnosis experienced a 25% increased risk of depression. A similar trend of increased depression risk was observed in those who reduced their physical activity from 500–999 or ≥1,000 MET-min/wk. Conclusion: Changes in physical activity levels before and after a new diagnosis of T2DM significantly influence the risk of developing depression, with increased activity reducing the risk and decreased activity elevating the risk. This finding underscores the importance of encouraging physical activity to support mental health in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.

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