Periodontal disease does not increase the risk of subsequent psoriasis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea

초록

Chronic periodontitis has been suggested to be a risk factor for psoriasis in previous studies; however, association with all stages of periodontal disease including gingivitis and periodontitis has yet to be confirmed. Using database provided by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS), medical records of individuals who received both general medical and oral check-ups under National Health Screening Program (NHSP) during 2002∼2007 were reviewed. Patients with periodontal disease (n = 3,682,468) and without periodontal disease (control, n = 3,637,128) according to oral examination results were analyzed for subsequent diagnosis of psoriasis until the end of 2018. The incidence rates of psoriasis per 1000 person-years were 0.36 (n = 18,718) in the periodontal disease group and 0.34 (n = 17,637) in control group. After adjusting for age, sex and potential cofactors, there was no significant increase in risk for psoriasis (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.994; 95% confidence interval, 0.974–1.015). Similar results were observed when analyzing the risk of psoriasis in patients who required scaling or periodontal surgery. This study found no significantly increased risk of psoriasis in individuals with periodontal disease unlike previous studies. It is possible that inclusion of early stage periodontal disease, along with possibility of surveillance bias might have affected our study results. Further detailed prospective studies need to be performed to evaluate the association between two conditions.