The Trend of Self-harm Incidence Rates Among Adolescents in Low- and Lower-Middle Income Countries and Its Associated Contextual Factors

초록

This study examined the trend in adolescent self-harm incidence rates and their associated contextual factors among 77 Low- and Lower-Middle-income countries. Annual sex-specific self-harm incidence rates for ages 10-19 years were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Joinpoint regression analysis assessed trends. Country and year fixed-effects analysis was conducted to examine their association with self-harm incidence rates. Median incidence rates declined from 35.9 to 35.3 per 100,000 among males and from 40.8 to 38.1 among females. Among males, AAPCs were negative in 40 countries and positive in 37, reaching a maximum of 2.16%. Among females, AAPCs were negative in 47 countries and positive in 30, reaching a maximum of 3.64%. Country-level self-harm incidence rates for males were positively associated with drug use exposure, adolescent fertility, new HIV infections, rule of law, and unemployment rates, and negatively with control of corruption, alcohol use, and urban population. Among females, incidence rates were positively associated with adolescent fertility rates, drug use, rule of law, mean years of schooling, and labor force participation, and negatively with alcohol and tobacco use exposure, control of corruption, regulatory quality, and sociodemographic index. Sex-specific differences in trends and contextual factors emphasize the need for integrated reproductive, mental, and substance use targeted country-level prevention strategies. © 2026 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

키워드