Handheld Device Using Near-Infrared in Detection of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage

초록

Objective: Whereas infrared rays do not penetrate thick skull, near-infrared can penetrate the skull and to the depth of maximum 3cm tissue thickness. Thus, it can be used to detect intracranial hemorrhage, within 3cm from skin. Object of this study was to validate usefulness of portable optical measuring device using near-infrared in detection of intracranial hemorrhage of superficial location. Methods: In this study, authors have tested in 110 normal subjects for the control and 20 aptients who late confirmed to have intracranial hemorrhages. In control group, there were 68 males and 42 females. Average age was 46 with range between 8 and 74. All values refer to the optical density of tissue that has been exposed to the near-infrared rays from the device. Difference of optical density (OD) from two sides greater than 0.45 was adopted from preliminary study. Results: The average differences of optical density (OD) from frontal, pariental, and occipital regions were 0.36, 0.38,0.41, respectively. There were no statistically differences between males and females with to the differences of optical density from these regions. In patient group, there were 12 males and 8 females and average age was 49 years. There were 7 subdural hemorrhage (SDH), 6 epidural hemorrhage (EDH), 3 hemorrhgic contusion (2 in frontal and 1 in basal ganglia), 2 subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and 2 intracerebral hemprrhage in parietooecipital region and basal ganglia. All of these patients, except 4 patients(2 with bilateral lesions and 2 with deep parenchymal hemorrhage) showed OD greater than 0.45 in corresponding regions. There were no false negative cases, but 4 missed cases in whom hemorrhagic lesions were located either bilaterally or deep in cerebral parenchyme. There were no side effects or complications form using this device. Conclusions: These results indicate that it would be particularly suitable in two areas of use: emergency medicine and repeated optical monitoring of traumatic patients in hospital as in our cases. In such patients, device is able to confirm the need of additional or advaned CT of the brain.

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