Effectiveness of Second mRNA COVID-19 Booster Vaccine in Immunocompromised Persons and Long-Term Care Facility Residents

초록

We used a nationwide population registry in South Korea to estimate the effect of a second booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on the risk for laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, critical infection, and death in immunocompromised persons and long-term care facil-ity (LTCF) residents. During February 16-May 7, 2022, among 972,449 eligible persons, 736,439 (75.7%) re-ceived a first booster and 236,010 (24.3%) persons re-ceived a second booster. Compared with the first booster group, at 30-53 days, the second booster recipients had vaccine effectiveness (VE) against all infections of 22.28% (95% CI 19.35%-25.11%), VE against critical infection of 56.95% (95% CI 29.99%-73.53%), and VE against death of 62.96% (95% CI 34.18%-79.15%). Our findings provide real-world evidence that a second boost-er dose of mRNA vaccine substantially increases protec-tion against critical infection and death in these high-risk population groups.

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