의료서비스 형평성 향상을 위한 유니버설 디자인 적용 효과성 분석 연구

초록

This study explores the impact of universal design principles on healthcare service innovation through a systematic literature review and seeks strategies for realizing service equity. Korea's rapid aging (18.4% of the population aged 65 and over in 2023) and increasing disabled population demand fundamental changes in healthcare services, as the existing standardized medical system shows limitations in meeting diverse user needs. Following PRISMA guidelines, 55 articles (30 domestic, 25 international) published from 2014 to 2024 were systematically selected and analyzed using thematic analysis. Among the seven universal design principles, "Perceptible Information" demonstrated the highest performance with 90.7% application rate and 47.6% improvement rate. Four core innovation mechanisms were identified: (1) Enhanced physical accessibility (98.0% wheelchair accessibility improvement), (2) Improved information accessibility (45.3% increase in information comprehension), (3) Process simplification (66.7% improvement), and (4) Multi-sensory communication (77.5% reduction in communication errors). This study proposes the novel concept of "Service Equity," structured into three dimensions: access equity, process equity, and outcome equity. Statistically significant improvements were confirmed across all dimensions, with notable reduction in health outcome disparities between groups. Analysis of country-specific cases from the literature revealed that Nordic countries, Japan, Korea, and the United States have adopted differentiated universal design approaches, with varying investment effectiveness reported across nations. This study confirms that universal design is a key strategy driving systematic transformation across healthcare services and holds significance in presenting practical directions for building an inclusive healthcare environment where all people can receive quality medical services.

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