아목시실린에 의한 약물 과민반응 16예의 임상적 특성과 혈청학적 검사의 의의

초록

Background: Amoxicillin is one of the broad spectrum antibiotics and is widely used in the treatment of various infective diseases. There are various forms of amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria/angioedema, erythema multiforme and anaphylaxis. Objective: To observe the clinical features and evaluate the significance of in vitro testing of amoxicilin-induced hypersensitivity reactions. Method: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed as having amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions from January 2002 to February 2007. Serum-specifc IgE antiboides to ampicilloyl (AMP) and amoxicilloyl (AXO) were determined using the immunoCAP Result: Sixteen subjects were enrolled in this study. Clinical features of amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions included erythema multiforme (n=6, 37.5%), urticaria/angioedema (n=4, 25.0%), anaphylaxis (n=3, 18.8%), maculopapular skin eruption (n=2, 12.5%) and fixed-drug eruptions (n=1, 6.3%). Six subjects had a high serum specific IgE to AMP and all anaphylaxis patients had a high serum specific IgE to AXO and/or AMP. Conclusion: These findings suggest that amoxicillin could induce various cutaneous manifestations in which the most common ones are erythema multiforme and urticaria/ angioedema. The serious reactions of anaphylaxis were noted in 18.8% of subjects in which IgE mediated responses to 2 antigenic determinants were involved. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;27:162-167)

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