Influencing Factors In Health Promoting Behaviors Of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

초록

Background and Aims: Effective health-promoting behaviors after acute ischemic stroke are critical for secondary prevention and recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of health literacy, e-health literacy, stroke knowledge, educational needs, and health promotion behaviors among first-time acute ischemic stroke patients, and to identify key factors influencing their health-promoting behaviors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 135 patients admitted to a stroke intensive care unit at a university-affiliated hospital in Seoul from November 2021 to June 2022. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing health literacy, e-health literacy, stroke knowledge, educational needs, and health behaviors. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients, Scheffé’s post-hoc tests, and hierarchical multiple regression using IBM SPSS 28.0. Results: Health-promoting behaviors were significantly associated with BMI, smoking status, diabetes, and high-risk drinking. Higher scores were found among patients who were non-smokers, non-obese, non-diabetic, and not high-risk drinkers. Health-promoting behaviors correlated positively with stroke knowledge and educational needs and negatively with NIHSS scores at discharge. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed smoking, obesity, diabetes, stroke knowledge, and educational needs significantly predicted health promotion behaviors, explaining 32.8% of total variance. Conclusions: To enhance health-promoting behaviors among acute ischemic stroke patients, personalized interventions targeting stroke education, smoking cessation, obesity management, and diabetes control are essential. These findings provide robust evidence for developing tailored educational programs and interventions aimed at improving patient outcomes through effective secondary stroke prevention strategies.