Human Herpes Virus 6 Encephalitis Following Bone Marrow Transplantation with Uncommon Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
- Authors
- Hwang, Jihye; Kim, Ji Eun; Roh, Jee Hoon; Lee, Jae-Hong
- Issue Date
- Sep-2016
- Publisher
- 대한치매학회
- Keywords
- Human Herpes Virus 6 encephalitis; anterograde amnesia; herpes; human herpes virus; limbic encephalitis; retrograde amnesia
- Citation
- Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders(대한치매학회지), v.15, no.3, pp 88 - 91
- Pages
- 4
- Indexed
- KCI
- Journal Title
- Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders(대한치매학회지)
- Volume
- 15
- Number
- 3
- Start Page
- 88
- End Page
- 91
- URI
- https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2020.sw.kumedicine/49430
- DOI
- 10.12779/dnd.2016.15.3.88
- ISSN
- 1738-1495
- Abstract
- Background: Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV6) is commonly associated with encephalitis following bone marrow transplantation. However, hippocampal atrophy and global hypometabolism are rare findings in HHV6 encephalitis.
Case Report: A 41-year-old right-handed woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with fever and mental changes 2 weeks after receiving a sibling bone marrow transplant. The patient's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive for HHV-6 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), but was negative for other viral DNA. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed atrophic changes in bilateral medial temporal lobes. Following 4 weeks of ganciclovir therapy, a CSF exam was negative for HHV-6 DNA and the patient's neurological symptoms partially improved. However, she was disoriented and had severe retrograde and anterograde amnesia. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography indicated global hypometabolism in the medial temporal lobes and the fronto-parietal cortices.
Conclusions: This is a rare and unusual case of hippocampal atrophy in the acute stage of HHV6 encephalitis. Our imaging findings may reflect the chronic indolent course of HHV6 encephalitis.
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