Assessment of a Discogenic Pain Animal Model Induced by Applying Continuous Shear Force to Intervertebral Discs
- Authors
- Kim, Nackhwan; Moon, Chan Sam; Lim, Tae -Hong; Hong, Junghwa; Sul, Donggeun
- Issue Date
- May-2023
- Publisher
- American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
- Keywords
- Discogenic pain; dorsal root ganglion; intervertebral discs; low back pain; shear force; interleukin; growth factor; animal model
- Citation
- Pain Physician, v.26, no.3, pp E181 - +
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- Pain Physician
- Volume
- 26
- Number
- 3
- Start Page
- E181
- End Page
- +
- URI
- https://scholarworks.korea.ac.kr/kumedicine/handle/2021.sw.kumedicine/63530
- ISSN
- 1533-3159
2150-1149
- Abstract
- Background
Chronic discogenic pain includes degeneration-driven changes under the mechanical macroenvironment of an internal disc, which leads to the progressive changes of biochemical microenvironment that induce abnormal ingrowth of the nociceptor. The propriety of the animal model reflecting the pathologic natural history has not been assessed.
Objectives
This study investigated the biochemical evidence of chronic discogenic pain by employing a discogenic pain animal model induced by shear force.
Study Design
Animal study utilizing rats in vivo model of a shear force device.
Methods
Fifteen rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 5/group) according to the period for which sustained dorsoventral shear force was applied (1 week or 2 weeks); the control group received the spinous attachment unit, without a spring. Pain data were collected using von Frey hairs on the hind paws. Growth factor and cytokine abundance was analyzed in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and plasma.
Results
After the shear force devices were installed, the significant variables were found to markedly increase in the DRG tissues of the 2-week group; however, they were not altered in the 1-week group. Specifically, interleukin (IL)-6, neurogrowth factor (NGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-beta, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were increased. Meanwhile, the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-5, IL -6, IL-12, and NGF were increased in the 1-week group; whereas, TGF-alpha, PDGF-beta, and VEGF were increased in the 2-week group.
Limitations
The limitations include the general limitations of quadrupedal animals, the poor precision and flexural deformation of shear force devices, inaccuracies regarding the evaluation of histological denaturation, and short intervention and observational periods.
Conclusions
This animal model effectively generated biochemical responses to shear loading with evidence of neurological changes induced without direct macrodamage to the outer annulus fibrosus. Chemical internals were induced by mechanical externals among the contributing factors of chronic discogenic pain.
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Collections - 3. Graduate School > Biomedical Research Center > 1. Journal Articles
- 2. Clinical Science > Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 1. Journal Articles
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